Fighting antimicrobial resistance (AMR): Chinese herbal medicine as a source of novel antimicrobials – an update

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has now emerged as a global public health crisis, requiring the discovery of new and novel antimicrobial compounds, that may be precursors future therapeutic antibiotics. Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) comes with rich pedigree holistic empirical usage in Asia for last 5000 years. Extracts Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Dianthus superbus L. Forsythiae fructus (Lian Qiao), Lonicerae flos (Jin Yin Hua), Naemorhedi cornu, Platycladus orientalis Franco, Polygonum aviculare, cuspidatum, Poria cocos (Schw.), Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC, Rheum palmatum, Salvia miltiorrhiza Scutellaria barbata, Scutellariae radix (Huang Qin) Ursi fel (Xiong Dan) have shown to properties against clinically significant Gram-negative Gram-positive bacterial pathogens, well mycobacteria (TB non-tuberculous mycobacteria). Evidence is beginning emerge through systematic reviews outcomes clinical studies employing CHM treat infections. Of 106 Cochrane on CHM, 16 (ca 15%) examine context treating specific infection disease or state. This update examines direct effect synergistic effects combining conventional